Since the late 1990s, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors (anti-TNFs) have
revolutionized the therapy of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) affecting the …

Background Accumulating evidence suggests a beneficial effective of tumour necrosis factor‐
alpha (TNF‐α) inhibitors on the outcomes of COVID‐19 disease, which, however is not …

Background and aims The main causes of death in patients with severe Coronavirus
disease-2019 (COVID-19) are acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiorgan …

Advances in understanding the physiologic functions of the tumor necrosis factor
superfamily (TNFSF) of ligands, receptors, and signaling networks are providing deeper …

Macrophages play diverse roles in development, homeostasis, and immunity. Accordingly,
the dysfunction of macrophages is involved in the occurrence and progression of various …

The current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has dramatically influenced …

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a heterogeneous cause of respiratory failure
that has a rapid onset, a high mortality rate, and for which there is no effective …

Since December 2019, COVID-19 has spread across the world almost through 2.5 years. As
of 16 June 2022, the cumulative number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide has …

Over the past two years, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-
2) has caused hundreds of millions of infections, resulting in an unprecedented pandemic of …

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced disease
(COVID-19) and Gaucher disease (GD) exhibit upregulation of complement 5a (C5a) and its …