This theoretical article revives a classical bridging construct, canalization, to describe a new
model of a general factor of psychopathology. To achieve this, we have distinguished …

Animals have sophisticated mechanisms for coping with danger. Freezing is a unique state
that, upon threat detection, allows evidence to be gathered, response possibilities to be …

Apathy and anhedonia are common syndromes of motivation that are associated with a wide
range of brain disorders and have no established therapies. Research using animal models …

Effective motor performance is important for surviving and thriving, and skilled movement is
critical in many activities. Much theorizing over the past few decades has focused on how …

The processing of rewards and losses are crucial to everyday functioning. Considerable
interest has been attached to investigating the anticipation and outcome phases of reward …

The primate prefrontal cortex (PFC) subserves our highest order cognitive operations, and
yet is tremendously dependent on a precise neurochemical environment for proper …

Cognitive effort has been implicated in numerous theories regarding normal and aberrant
behavior and the physiological response to engagement with demanding tasks. Yet, despite …

Social behaviours in species as diverse as honey bees and humans promote group survival
but often come at some cost to the individual. Although reinforcement of adaptive social …

The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is involved in organizing reward-related behaviours;
however, it remains unclear how genetically defined neurons in the DRN of a freely …

Computational ideas pervade many areas of science and have an integrative explanatory
role in neuroscience and cognitive science. However, computational depictions of cognitive …