The odds ratio (OR) for gender differences in major depression is 1.95, averaged meta-
analytically over all ages and nations. The gender difference appears by age 12, OR= 2.37 …

Due to their ability to capture attention, emotional stimuli tend to benefit from enhanced
perceptual processing, which can be helpful when such stimuli are task-relevant but …

The terms pampering and spoiling have roots within early psychoanalytic literature, and over
time they have become a part of the vernacular. This entry will focus on pampering/spoiling …

Starting in adolescence and continuing through adulthood, women are twice as likely as
men to experience depression. According to the response styles theory (RST), gender …

Persisting negative thoughts are considered a hallmark of depression. Recent information-
processing approaches have begun to uncover underlying mechanisms of depressive …

Research has revealed that mobile phone addiction was a risk factor for poor sleep quality,
however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms that may mediate or moderate this …

BACKGROUND: Imaging studies have shown that major depressive disorder (MDD) is
associated with altered activity patterns of the default mode network (DMN). However, the …

Within the past 20years, depression research has given increasing consideration to the
possibility of complex and reciprocal relations between stress and depression. Not only …

A review of recent research on cognitive processing indicates that biases in attention,
memory, and interpretation, as well as repetitive negative thoughts, are common across …

The present investigation employed a meta‐analysis of 179 correlational studies and 37
clinical group comparison studies to examine the association between rumination and …