One obvious feature of the solar cycle is its variation from one cycle to another. In this article,
we review the dynamo models for the long-term variations of the solar cycle. By long-term …

In this article we review small-scale dynamo processes that are responsible for magnetic
field generation on scales comparable to and smaller than the energy carrying scales of …

We review the state of the art of three dimensional numerical simulations of solar and stellar
dynamos. We summarize fundamental constraints of numerical modelling and the …

Context. Several types of inertial modes have been detected on the Sun. Properties of these
inertial modes have been studied in the linear regime, but have not been studied in …

The Sun's axisymmetric large-scale flows, differential rotation and meridional circulation, are
thought to be maintained by the influence of rotation on the thermal-convective motions in …

Context. Several types of global-scale inertial modes of oscillation have been observed on
the Sun. These include the equatorial Rossby modes, critical-latitude modes, and high …

Supergranulation is a fluid-dynamical phenomenon taking place in the solar photosphere,
primarily detected in the form of a vigorous cellular flow pattern with a typical horizontal …

Like the solar cycle, stellar activity cycles are also irregular. Observations reveal that rapidly
rotating (young) Sun-like stars exhibit a high level of activity with no Maunder-like grand …

Context. The Babcock-Leighton flux-transport model is a widely accepted dynamo model of
the Sun that can explain many observational aspects of solar magnetic activity. This dynamo …

Context. Late-type stars such as the Sun rotate differentially due to the interaction of
turbulent convection and rotation. Aims. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of …