Contents Summary 29 I. Introduction 29 II. Phloem as a conduit for macromolecules 30 III.
Classes of phloem transported RNAs and their function 32 IV. Mode of RNA transport 35 V …

Plants viruses spread throughout their hosts using a number of pathways, the most common
being movement cell to cell through plasmodesmata (PD), unique intercellular organelles of …

In plants, transcripts move to distant body parts to potentially act as systemic signals
regulating development and growth. Thousands of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are …

The capacity to respond to day length, photoperiodism, is crucial for flowering plants to
adapt to seasonal change. The photoperiodic control of flowering in plants is mediated by a …

In 1879 Eduard Tangle discovered cytoplasmic connections between cells in the cotyledons
of Strychnos nuxvomica, which he interpreted to be protoplasmic contacts. This led him to …

Sucrose and its derivatives represent the major transport forms of photosynthetically
assimilated carbon in plants. Sucrose synthesized in green leaves is exported via the …

Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in multicellular organisms can act as signals transported cell-to-
cell and over long distances. In plants, mRNAs traffic cell-to-cell via plasmodesmata (PDs) …

Many plant virus genera encode a 'triple gene block'(TGB), a specialized evolutionarily
conserved gene module involved in the cell-to-cell and long-distance movement of viruses …

Plasmodesmata are membrane-lined channels that are located in the plant cell wall and that
physically interconnect the cytoplasm and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of adjacent cells …

Land plants have developed highly sophisticated intercellular channels called
plasmodesmata (PD) that mediate the cell-to-cell trafficking of signaling molecules, including …