Lenses with tunable focal length play important roles in nature by helping species avoid
predators and capture prey. Many practical devices mimic lens concept for imaging, sensing …

Optical lenses with electrically controllable focal length are of growing interest, in order to
reduce the complexity, size, weight, response time and power consumption of conventional …

Electrically tunable focusing liquid crystal (LC) lenses are reviewed in this paper. The
distribution of the orientations of LC directors which is controlled by electric fields results in a …

An electrically tunable-focusing and polarizer-free liquid crystal (LC) lens for ophthalmic
applications is demonstrated. The optical mechanism of a LC lens used in human eye …

An augmented reality (AR) system involving the electrically tunable location of a projected
image is implemented using a liquid-crystal (LC) lens. The projected image is either real or …

Owing to its two-dimensional electronic structure, graphene exhibits many unique
properties. One of them is a wave vector and temperature dependent plasmon in the infrared …

An electrically tunable-focusing optical zoom system using two composite LC lenses with a
large zoom ratio is demonstrated. The optical principle is investigated. To enhance the …

Electrically tunable liquid crystal microlenses have attracted strong research attention due to
their advantages of tunable focusing, voltage actuation, low power consumption, simple …

Conventional endoscopic systems consisting of several solid lenses suffer from a fixed and
limited depth-of-field (DOF). For practical applications, conventional endoscopes …

An electrically tunable focusing LC lens with a low voltage and simple planar electrodes is
demonstrated. The inhomogeneous electric field of the LC lens without any hole-patterned …