Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a frequent and serious complication of both chronic liver
disease and acute liver failure. HE manifests as a wide spectrum of neuropsychiatric …

Acute liver failure is a rare disorder with high mortality and resource cost. In the developing
world, viral causes predominate, with hepatitis E infection recognised as a common cause in …

The term acute liver failure (ALF) is frequently applied as a generic expression to describe
patients presenting with or developing an acute episode of liver dysfunction. In the context of …

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rapidly progressive critical illness with
high mortality. Complex intensive care unit (ICU) protocols and emergency liver …

Hyperammonemia has been associated with intracranial hypertension and mortality in
patients with acute liver failure (ALF). We evaluated the effect of renal replacement therapy …

Free ammonium ions are produced and consumed during cell metabolism. Glutamine
synthetase utilizes free ammonium ions to produce glutamine in the cytosol whereas …

High circulating ammonia concentrations are common in patients with acute liver failure
(ALF) and are associated with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and intracranial hypertension …

The frequency of acquired liver injury and failure in critical illness has been significantly
increasing over recent decades. Currently, liver injury and failure are observed in up to 20 …

Parenteral nutrition (PN) offers the possibility to increase or to ensure nutrient intake in
patients, in whom sufficient nutrition by oral or enteral alone is insufficient or impossible …

Elevated concentrations of ammonia in the brain as a result of hyperammonemia leads to
cerebral dysfunction involving a spectrum of neuropsychiatric and neurological symptoms …