State-of-the-art password guessing tools, such as HashCat and John the Ripper, enable
users to check billions of passwords per second against password hashes. In addition to …

Human-chosen text passwords, today's dominant form of authentication, are vulnerable to
guessing attacks. Unfortunately, existing approaches for evaluating password strength by …

Recently, many password guessing algorithms have been proposed, seriously threatening
cyber security. In this paper, we systematically review over thirty methods for password …

Learning useful representations from unstructured data is one of the core challenges, as
well as a driving force, of modern data-driven approaches. Deep learning has demonstrated …

Large language models (LLMs) successfully model natural language from vast amounts of
text without the need for explicit supervision. In this paper, we investigate the efficacy of …

In the last years, people have been seeing the pervasive use of computer, communication
technology and Internet, eg, e-mail, online shopping, banking, gaming, Internet telephony …

Authenticating humans to computers remains a notable weak point in computer security
despite decades of effort. Although the security research community has explored dozens of …

The password is the most prevalent and reliant mode of authentication by date. We often
come across many websites with user registration pages having different password strength …

A large portion of system breaches are caused by authentication failure, either during the
login process or in the post-authentication session; these failures are themselves related to …

Password authentication is vulnerable to dictionary attacks. Password strength
measurement helps users to choose hard-to-guess passwords and enhance the security of …