Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of a spatially distributed set of autonomous
connected sensor nodes. The deployed sensor nodes are extensively used for sensing and …

Abstract Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) typically include thousands of resource-
constrained sensors to monitor their surroundings, collect data, and transfer it to remote …

Reducing the consumption of energy and the network lifetime are the main challenges that
affect wireless sensor networks (WSNs). High-quality clustering is one of the most important …

In this paper, an improved version of the energy aware distributed unequal clustering
protocol (EADUC) is projected. The EADUC protocol is commonly used for solving energy …

In multi-hop routing, cluster heads near the base station act as relays for far cluster heads
and thus will deplete their energy very quickly. Thus, hot spots in the sensor field result. This …

Realizing energy-efficient communication in the IoT-based large-scale systems has become
a key challenge in the past few years. The need is to minimize the global energy usage of …

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have enabled an improved awareness in a range of
purposes like battlefield surveillance, disaster management, industrial process monitoring …

The wireless sensor network (WSN) is a swiftly growing technological knowledge stage with
noteworthy and dynamic implementations in various fields. Due to minute battery power in …

In this paper, the energy conservation in the ununiform clustered network field is proposed.
The fundamental reason behind the methodology is that in the process of CH election …

Cognitive radio (CR) enables unlicensed users to sense for and access underutilized
licensed channels (or white spaces) owned by the licensed users in an opportunistic …