Inconsistencies among historical building facade elements potentially tarnish the image in a
historical area. This study identifies visual elements and features of historical facades, such …

Façades are the public face of architecture. It is the exterior face of a building that provides
comfortable enclosure (Knaack et al., 2007). It's the most significant part of building's exterior …

This chapter is an introductory chapter that intends to clarify the background of the study and
discuss several related studies to identify its problem statement. Based on these …

Various methods have been employed in vernacular architecture, to achieve energy
efficiency in different regions worldwide, especially in facade designs. In Iran, most …

Culture and design determine the space-influenced values; they specifically outline space
variations between values within a culture in relation to design space-influenced values. By …

Architects have the ability to make material selection decisions, on what basis these
decisions are made and what is their effect on architectural identity is the topic of this …

Bag Bazar underwent continuous expansion with a new age of Bengalis from the mid-
eighteenth century, dating to the ancient trading society of the Seths and Basaks. They were …

Urbanization is a global phenomenon that has evolved profound changes, fostering growth
and development whereas circumstantial posing challenges to historical areas and heritage …

In many parts of the Arab world, one can understand the various unique examples of
traditional architecture, mainly houses. Despite cultural differences in each region, the …

Modernisation is a perpetual phenomenon that offers more resources but the effect is often
abrupt in vernacular areas, where traditionally life moves at a slower pace. Recently, it is …