The radiation from stars and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) creates photodissociation regions
(PDRs) and X-ray-dominated regions (XDRs), where the chemistry or heating is dominated …

We describe the 2017 release of the spectral synthesis code CLOUDY, summarizing the
many improvements to the scope and accuracy of the physics which have been made since …

This is a summary of the 2013 release of the plasma simulation code Cloudy. Cloudy
models the ionization, chemical, and thermal state of material that may be exposed to an …

We describe the 2023 release of the spectral synthesis code Cloudy. Since the previous
major release, migrations of our online services motivated us to adopt git as our version …

Rate coefficients for state-to-state rotational transitions in CO induced by both para-and
ortho-H 2 collisions are presented. The results were obtained using the close-coupling …

We present new analytic theory and radiative transfer computations for the atomic-to-
molecular (H i-to-H 2) transitions and the buildup of atomic hydrogen (H i) gas columns in …

Aims. We present a comparison between independent computer codes, modeling the
physics and chemistry of interstellar photon dominated regions (PDRs). Our goal was to …

We use the spectral synthesis code cloudy to tabulate the properties of gas for an extensive
range in redshift (z= 0–9), temperature (log T [K]= 1–9.5), metallicity (log Z/Z⊙=− 4–+ 0.5, Z …

We carried out a comprehensive far-UV survey of 12 CO and H 2 column densities along
diffuse molecular Galactic sight lines. This sample includes new measurements of CO from …

We report total abundances and related parameters for the full sample of the Far Ultraviolet
Spectroscopic Explorer survey of molecular hydrogen in 38 translucent lines of sight. New …