The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4)/B7 and programmed death 1
(PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) are two most representative immune …

Abstract Interferon Regulatory Factors (IRFs), a family of transcription factors, profoundly
influence the immune system, impacting both physiological and pathological processes …

Immunotherapies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis have become first-line treatments in
multiple cancers. However, only a limited subset of individuals achieves durable benefits …

Blockade of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death 1 ligand (PD-L1) has
evolved into one of the most promising immunotherapy strategies for cancer patients. Tumor …

The objective response rate of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC) with anti PD-L1/PD-1 therapy is low. Discovering the signaling pathways …

Loss-of-function mutations of JAK1/2 impair cancer cell responsiveness to IFNγ and
immunogenicity. Therefore, an understanding of compensatory pathways to activate IFNγ …

Regulated cell death (RCD), including apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis, is
regulated by a series of evolutionarily conserved pathways, and is required for development …

Background Chemoradiotherapy‐induced PD‐L1 upregulation leads to therapeutic
resistance and treatment failure. The PD‐1/PD‐L1 blocking antibodies sensitize cancers to …

Abstract Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) is a tumor suppressor gene in cancer biology
with anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effect on cancer cells, however mechanisms of IRF-1 …

Cancer immunity is regulated by several mechanisms that include co-stimulatory and/or co-
inhibitory molecules known as immune checkpoints expressed by the immune cells. In …