Following the demonstration of the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine against severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in vitro, many trials started to evaluate its efficacy in …

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has affected millions of people worldwide, igniting …

Inflammation is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI),
which complicates the post-operative outcomes of large numbers of hospitalized surgical …

The severe cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) frequently exhibit excessive
inflammatory responses, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), coagulopathy, and …

For decades, nanomedicines have been reported as a potential means to overcome the
limitations of conventional drug delivery systems by reducing side effects, toxicity and the …

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) presents an emerging threat to
public health worldwide by causing severe respiratory disease in humans with high …

For more than two decades, chloroquine (CQ) was largely and deliberately used as first
choice drug for malaria treatment. However, worldwide increasing cases of resistant strains …

Chloroquine, a drug used for over 80 years to treat and prevent malaria and, more recently,
to treat autoimmune diseases, is very safe but has a plethora of dose-dependent effects. By …

Objectives Autophagy has recently been shown to regulate osteoclast activity and osteoclast
differentiation. Here, we aim to investigate the impact of autophagy inhibition as a potential …

Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are derivatives of the heterocyclic
aromatic compound quinoline. These economical compounds have been used as …