The environment experienced early in life often affects the traits that are developed after an
individual has transitioned into new life stages and environments. Because the phenotypes …

Behavioural analysis has been attracting significant attention as a broad indicator of sub‐
lethal toxicity and has secured a place as an important subdiscipline in ecotoxicology …

Habitat is one of the most important factors shaping organismal morphology, but it may vary
across life history stages. Ontogenetic shifts in ecology may introduce antagonistic selection …

Developmental changes through an animal's life are generally understood to contribute to
the resulting adult morphology. Possible exceptions are species with complex life cycles …

Developmental stressors are increasingly recognised for their pervasive influence on the
ecology and evolution of animals. In particular, many studies have focused on how …

Exposure to adverse environmental conditions during early development can shape life-
history traits and have lasting effects on physiological function in later life. Although findings …

Understanding and predicting species range expansions is an important challenge in
modern ecology because of rapidly changing environments. Recent studies have revealed …

Invasive alien predators can impose strong selection on native prey populations and induce
rapid evolutionary change in the invaded communities. However, studies on evolutionary …

Many morphological, behavioral, physiological, and life-history traits covary across the
biological scales of individuals, populations, and species. However, the processes that …

Cadmium is released into the environment in increasing amounts from different natural and
anthropogenic activities contaminating the aquatic habitats. Amphibian tadpoles develop in …