Hydraulic factors have become the principal causes of bridge failures since the 1990s. They
account for around 50% of bridge failures in the database constructed by the present …

Extreme waves induced by hurricanes have caused severe damages of coastal bridges.
However, existing research studies mainly focus on the damage mechanisms under waves …

Coastal bridges serve as lifelines in evacuation and rescue after coastal natural hazards. It
is thus vital to reveal the spatial failure mechanism for coastal bridges under extreme waves …

Tsunamis impacting on the coastal bridges could cause severe scour around piers, which
subsequently threatens the stability of bridge foundations. This paper presents a numerical …

Tsunami bores have a strong destructive ability, capable of damaging coastal structures and
endangering human life. This study focuses on the interactions between tsunami bores and …

In ocean engineering, breakwater plays a crucial role in protecting coastal structures such
as bridge pier from the impact of extreme sea waves. However, enhancing the existing …

Many coastal bridges have been destroyed or damaged by tsunami waves. Some studies
have been conducted to investigate wave impact on bridge decks, but there is little …

The resistance of coastal bridges to extreme wave hazards has been a primary focus for
many researchers, as these structures often face severe threats from waves. However …

The mangrove has a remarkable wave reducing effect, and it is arranged around the
embankment to form an ecological embankment (eco-embankment), which complement …

In recent decades, earthquakes and subsequent tsunamis have increasingly affected
coastal bridges. The sequential occurrence of these hazards has frequently led to numerous …