There is growing recognition of the kyphotic clivo-axial angle (CXA) as an index of risk of
brainstem deformity and craniocervical instability. This review of literature and prospective …

Basilar invagination (BI) is a common deformity. This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate
the height of clivus and atlanto-occipital lateral mass (LM) in patients with BI with or without …

Abstract Purpose Type I Chiari malformation (CMI) is a radiologically-defined structural
dysmorphism of the hindbrain and posterior cranial fossa (PCF). Traditional radiographic …

OBJECT Most of the craniometric relationships of the normal craniocervical junction (CCJ),
especially those related to angular craniometry, are still poorly studied and based on …

Chiari-like Malformation (CM) and secondary syringomyelia (SM), as well as their analogous
human conditions, is a complex developmental condition associated with pain and …

Although originally described as a consecutive series of pathologic changes, Chiari
syndrome represents a spectrum of disease divided into two subsets: development …

Background: Craniometric studies have shown that both Chiari malformation (CM) and
basilar invagination (BI) belong to a spectrum of malformations. A more precise method to …

Background: Idiopathic descent of cerebellar tonsils into the cervical spine in Chiari
malformation Type I (CMI) is typically associated with occipital headache. Accumulating …

Background Chiari malformation (CM) is defined as a herniation of cerebellar tonsils below
the foramen magnum and is considered to be due to underdevelopment of posterior fossa …

Purpose To investigate whether the posterior cranial fossa (PCF) morphology in Chiari I
malformation without syringomyelia (also called syrinx)(CMI-only) is different from that in …