Antiretroviral therapy can effectively block HIV-1 replication and prevent or reverse
immunodeficiency in HIV-1-infected individuals. However, viral replication resumes within …

HIV-1 can establish a state of latent infection at the level of individual T cells. Latently
infected cells are rare in vivo and appear to arise when activated CD4+ T cells, the major …

Latently infected CD4+ T cells are the main barrier to complete clearance of HIV infection,
but it is unclear what mechanisms govern latent HIV infection in vivo. To address this …

Despite years of plasma HIV-RNA levels< 40 copies per milliliter during combination
antiretroviral therapy (cART), the majority of HIV-infected patients exhibit persistent …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) persistence in latently infected resting memory CD4+
T-cells is the major barrier to HIV cure. Cellular histone deacetylases (HDACs) are important …

One of the most explored therapeutic approaches aimed at eradicating HIV-1 reservoirs is
the “shock and kill” strategy which is based on HIV-1 reactivation in latently-infected cells …

Background Quantifying latently infected cells is critical to evaluate the efficacy of
therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing the size of the long-lived viral reservoir, but the low …

Although combination therapy for HIV infection represents a triumph for modern medicine,
chronic suppressive therapy is required to contain persistent infection in reservoirs such as …

The latency of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in resting primary CD4+ T cells
is the major barrier for the eradication of the virus in patients on suppressive highly active …

Biological circuits can be controlled by two general schemes: environmental sensing or
autonomous programs. For viruses such as HIV, the prevailing hypothesis is that latent …