Blockchain introduces decentralized trust in peer-to-peer networks, advancing security and
democratizing systems. Yet, a unified definition for decentralization remains elusive. Our …

The last 25 years have seen the development of a significant literature within the subfield of
econophysics which attempts to model economic inequality as the emergent property of …

Social inequalities are everywhere. The Gini Index (g) and the newly introduced Kolkata
Index (k) are two simple indices for measuring inequality hidden in any kind of social issue …

A mean-field like stochastic evolution equation with growth and reset terms (LGGR model) is
used to model wealth distribution in modern societies. The stationary solution of the model …

We elucidate that a Boltzmann-like income distribution will emerge spontaneously in a long-
run Arrow–Debreu economy, which is used to describe the well-functioning market …

Socio-economic inequalities derived from an exhaustive wealth distribution is studied in a
closed geographical region from Transylvania (Romania). Exhaustive wealth data is …

Abstract We examine by Monte-Carlo simulations the behavior of a kinetic exchange-trading
model for various initial distributions of money in the system of agents. Our goal is to analyze …

It has been well known that the exponential distribution is the only continuous distribution
that has the memoryless property. Here, we observe that, if the exponential distribution …

We study mechanisms leading to wealth condensation. As a natural starting point, our model
adopts a neoclassical point of view, ie, we completely ignore work, production, and …

We study the distribution of wealth in a market economy in which the trading propensity of
the agents is uncertain. Our approach is based on kinetic models for collective phenomena …