SARS-CoV-2 has produced various variants during its ongoing evolution. The competitive
behavior driven by the co-transmission of these variants has influenced the pandemic …

The emergence of a novel strain during a pandemic, like the current COVID-19, is a major
concern to the healthcare system. The most effective strategy to control this type of pandemic …

An efficient finite difference approach is adopted to analyze the solution of a novel fractional-
order mathematical model to control the co-circulation of double strains of dengue and …

Vaccine boosters have been recommended to mitigate the spread of the coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A mathematical model with three vaccine doses and …

A three-strain SEIR epidemic model with a vaccination strategy is suggested and studied in
this work. This model is represented by a system of nine nonlinear ordinary differential …

Since its inception in December 2019, many safe and effective vaccines have been invented
and approved for use against COVID-19 along with various non-pharmaceutical …

Higher-order interaction exists widely in real-world networks and dramatically affects the
system's phase transition and critical phenomena. In the study of epidemic spreading …

The hybrid computational approaches have captured the interest of researchers over the
past few decades. This paper examines the evolutionary integrated methodology, ie …

COVID-19 has caused substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Previous models of
strain 1 vaccination with re-infection when vaccinated, as well as infection with strain 2 did …

As of May 2024, the main strains of COVID-19 caused hundreds of millions of infection
cases and millions of deaths worldwide. In this study, we consider the COVID-19 epidemics …