Highlights•Drosophila AMPs contribute to host defense, notably against Gram-negative
bacteria.•Certain AMPs show exquisite specifity against certain pathogens.•Certain AMPs …

As most biologists are probably aware, technological advances in molecular biology during
the last few years have opened up possibilities to rapidly generate large-scale sequencing …

Groundbreaking research on the universality and diversity of microorganisms is now
challenging the life sciences to upgrade fundamental theories that once seemed …

Phylosymbiosis was recently proposed to describe the eco-evolutionary pattern, whereby
the ecological relatedness of host-associated microbial communities parallels the phylogeny …

Although the gut microbiome influences numerous aspects of organismal fitness, its role in
animal evolution and the origin of new species is largely unknown. Here we present …

In the Origin of Species, Darwin struggled with how continuous changes within a species
lead to the emergence of discrete species. Molecular analyses have since identified nuclear …

Animals live together with diverse bacteria that can impact their biology. In Drosophila
melanogaster, gut-associated bacterial communities are relatively simple in composition but …

Evolutionary change in gene expression is generally considered to be a major driver of
phenotypic differences between species. We investigated innate immune diversification by …

The study of infection and immunity in insects has achieved considerable prominence with
the appreciation that their host defense mechanisms share many fundamental …

The rate at which genomes adapt to environmental changes and the prevalence of adaptive
processes in molecular evolution are two controversial issues in current evolutionary …