Discovered in 1883, laccase is one of the first enzymes ever described. Now, after almost
140 years of research, it seems that this copper-containing protein with a number of unique …

Enzymes as industrial biocatalysts offer numerous advantages over traditional chemical
processes with respect to sustainability and process efficiency. Enzyme catalysis has been …

Cellulose is an abundant natural biopolymer on earth, found as a major constituent of plant
cell wall in lignocellulosic form. Unlike other compounds cellulose is not easily soluble in …

Immobilized enzymes have received incredible interests in industry, pharmaceuticals,
chemistry and biochemistry sectors due to their various advantages such as ease of …

The barrier resistance and wettability of papers are commonly controlled by the application
of petroleum-based derivatives such as polyethylene, waxes and/or fluor-derivatives as …

Pyrolytic biofuels have technical advantages over conventional biological conversion
processes since the entire plant can be used as the feedstock (rather than only simple …

Laccases (benzenediol: oxygen oxidoreductases, EC 1.10. 3.2) are blue multicopper
oxidases that catalyze the oxidation of an array of aromatic substrates concomitantly with the …

Lipases are a class of enzymes which catalyse the hydrolysis of long chain triglycerides.
Microbial lipases are currently receiving much attention with the rapid development of …

Basic and applied research on microbial cellulases, hemicellulases and pectinases has not
only generated significant scientific knowledge but has also revealed their enormous …

Recent efforts on the expansion of sustainable and commercial primal matters are essential
to enhance the knowledge of their hazards and noxiousness to humans and their …