Small regulatory RNA (sRNAs) are key mediators of posttranscriptional gene control in
bacteria. Assisted by RNA-binding proteins, a single sRNA often modulates the expression …

RNAs are commonly categorized as being either protein-coding mRNAs or noncoding
RNAs. However, an increasing number of transcripts, in organisms ranging from bacteria to …

The 109-nucleotide Spot 42 RNA whose transcription is repressed by the cyclic adenosine
monophosphate receptor protein (CRP) is one of the best-characterized base-pairing small …

Dual‐function sRNAs refer to a small subgroup of small regulatory RNAs that merges base‐
pairing properties of antisense RNAs with peptide‐encoding properties of mRNA. Both …

Highlights•Small proteins are important players in multiple cellular processes.•Ribo-Seq
studies have improved the genome-wide identification of small proteins.•New strategies in …

Advances in proteogenomic technologies have revealed hundreds to thousands of
translated small open reading frames (sORFs) that encode microproteins in genomes across …

The ability to respond to acidic environments is crucial for neutralophilic bacteria.
Escherichia coli has a well-characterized regulatory network that triggers a multitude of …

Bacterial proteins of≤ 50 amino acids, denoted small proteins or microproteins, have been
traditionally understudied and overlooked, as standard computational, biochemical, and …

Glutamine synthetase (GS) is the key enzyme of nitrogen assimilation induced under
nitrogen limiting conditions. The carbon skeleton of glutamate and glutamine, 2 …

RNA-binding proteins are key actors of post-transcriptional networks. Almost exclusively
studied in the light of their interactions with RNA ligands and the associated functional …