Cilia and flagella are fundamental units of motion in cellular biology. These beating, hair-like
organelles share a common basic structure but maintain widely varying functions in systems …

Flexible slender structures are ubiquitous in biological systems and engineering
applications. Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) plays a key role in the dynamics of such …

Biological cilia, hairlike organelles on cell surfaces, often exhibit collective wavelike motion
known as metachrony, which helps generating fluid flow. Inspired by nature, researchers …

Bronchial diseases are characterised by the weak efficiency of mucus transport through the
lower airways, leading in some cases to the muco-obstruction of bronchi. It has been …

One of the vital functions of naturally occurring cilia is fluid transport. Biological cilia use
spatially asymmetric strokes to generate a net fluid flow that can be utilized for feeding …

Ciliated organisms are present in virtually every branch of the eukaryotic tree of life. In
diverse systems, cilia operate in a coordinated manner to drive fluid flows, or even propel …

Cilia are widely employed by living systems to manipulate fluid flow in various functions,
such as feeding, pumping, and locomotion. Mimicking the intricate ciliary asymmetry in …

The respiratory tract is protected by mucus, a complex fluid transported along the epithelial
surface by the coordinated beating of millions of microscopic cilia, hence the name of …

Complex geometries and open boundaries have been intensively studied in the nearly
incompressible lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) framework. Therefore, only few boundary …

The respiratory tract of larger animals is cleared by sweeping bundled strands along the
airway surface. These bundled strands can be millimetric in length and consist of MUC5B …