Bacterial biofilms are often defined as communities of surface-attached bacteria and are
typically depicted with a classic mushroom-shaped structure characteristic of Pseudomonas …

Chronic infections caused by microbial biofilms represent an important clinical challenge.
The recalcitrance of microbial biofilms to antimicrobials and to the immune system is a major …

INTRODUCTION Microbial populations display heterogeneous gene expression profiles that
result in phenotypic differences between individual bacteria. This diversity can allow …

In human pathophysiology, the clash between microbial infection and host immunity
contributes to multiple diseases. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a classical example of this …

Biofilm formation in living organisms is associated to tissue and implant infections, and it has
also been linked to the contribution of antibiotic resistance. Thus, understanding biofilm …

Biofilm refers to the complex, sessile communities of microbes found either attached to a
surface or buried firmly in an extracellular matrix as aggregates. The biofilm matrix …

Biofilms are widespread in nature and constitute an important strategy implemented by
microorganisms to survive in sometimes harsh environmental conditions. They can be …

Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPS) are extracellular carbohydrate polymers forming
capsules or slimy coating around the cells. EPS can be secreted by various bacterial genera …

The presence of biofilms in chronic non-healing wounds, has been identified through in vitro
model and in vivo animal data. However, human chronic wound studies are under …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa populations undergo a characteristic evolutionary adaptation
during chronic infection of the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, including reduced production of …