Propagation models are used to abstract the actual propagation characteristics of
electromagnetic waves utilized for conveying information in a compact form (ie, a model with …

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are envisioned to be an important enabling technology for
smart grid (SG) due to the low cost, ease of deployment, and versatility of WSNs. Limited …

In practical wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the main mechanism for link-level data
exchange is through handshaking. To maximize the network lifetime, the transmission power …

The propagation model is an essential component in the design and deployment of a
wireless sensor network (WSN). Although much attention has been given to near-ground …

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are deployed over a specific area to monitor a range of
environmental and physical phenomena. WSNs are known by their limitation in term of …

Network lifetime is the ultimate objective in evaluating the performance of Wireless Sensor
Networks (WSNs). To assess the network lifetime correctly for a particular WSN deployment …

The first part of this paper presents a survey of the most famous outdoor propagation models
suitable for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) for smart city applications. Then, we propose …

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) data transmission by using the highest available
power level leads to energy wastage on certain links. Therefore, assigning the optimal …

Low power wide area networks (LPWAN) are the enabling technologies for large scale
wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Effective cost, long range and energy efficiency of …

Recently, research on the progressive performance of mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs)
has engrossed a particular interest of scientists worldwide. Because of the dynamically …