Large language models (LLMs) are complex artificial intelligence systems capable of
understanding, generating and translating human language. They learn language patterns …

Since the advent of personal computing devices, intelligent personal assistants (IPAs) have
been one of the key technologies that researchers and engineers have focused on, aiming …

This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of language models architectures and strategies for"
complex" question-answering (QA, CQA, CPS) with a focus on hybridization. Large …

With the advancement of language models (LMs), their exposure to private data is
increasingly inevitable, and their deployment (especially for smaller ones) on personal …

Artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC) technologies, with a predominance of large
language models (LLMs), have demonstrated remarkable performance improvements in …

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have demonstrated significant proficiency in solving a
wide range of general natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Researchers have …

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) are often deployed as cloud services, enabling users
to upload textual data and perform inference remotely. However, users' personal text often …

Language Models as a Service (LMaaS) offers convenient access for developers and
researchers to perform inference using pre-trained language models. Nonetheless, the input …

The growing number of cases indicates that large language model (LLM) brings
transformative advancements while raising privacy concerns. Despite promising recent …

Large Language Models (LLMs) hold promise for advancing legal practice by automating
complex tasks and improving access to justice. However, their adoption is limited by …