Long known as digestive organelles, lysosomes have now emerged as multifaceted centers
responsible for degradation, nutrient sensing, and immunity. Growing evidence also …

Cathepsin D is a lysosomal acid proteinase which is involved in the malignant progression
of breast cancer and other gynecological tumors. Clinical investigations have shown that in …

OBJECTIVES To investigate the possible role of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α, a
transcription factor important in regulating O2 homeostasis and physiological responses to …

The current pathological and clinical parameters provide important prognostic information,
yet still have limited ability to predict the true malignant potential of most bladder tumors. In …

Cancer invasion and metastasis develop through a sequence of processes involving loss of
cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions, proteolysis and induction of angiogenesis. We reviewed …

Angiogenesis is the process by which tumours induce a blood supply, crucial for growth and
metastasis. Evidence for its role in bladder carcinogenesis, its usefulness as a marker of …

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether angiogenesis, as measured
by microvessel density (MVD), at presentation is related to subsequent progression of …

The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a key role in the modulation of cancer cell invasion. In
urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UC) the role of ECM proteins has been widely studied …

Three molecular forms of the proteolytic enzyme Cathepsin D (CD) are found in the cell: the
precursor (proCD), the intermediate single-chain and the mature double-chain. ProCD …

Bladder cancer is the second most common malignancy of the urogenital region. The
majority of bladder cancer deaths occur as a consequence of metastatic disease …