Salinity is one of the most decisive environmental factors threatening the productivity of crop
plants. Understanding the mechanisms of plant salt tolerance is critical to be able to …

The activities of integral membrane proteins are often affected by the structures of the lipid
molecules that surround them in the membrane. One important parameter is the …

The light reactions of photosynthesis in green plants are mediated by four large protein
complexes, embedded in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. Photosystem I (PSI) …

Lipid molecules bound to membrane proteins are resolved in some high-resolution
structures of membrane proteins. An analysis of these structures provides a framework …

Thylakoids of land plants have a bipartite structure, consisting of cylindrical grana stacks,
made of membranous discs piled one on top of the other, and stroma lamellae which are …

The violaxanthin cycle describes the reversible conversion of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin via
the intermediate antheraxanthin. This light-dependent xanthophyll conversion is essential …

The photosystem II (PSII) light-harvesting system carries out two essential functions, the
efficient collection of light energy for photosynthesis, and the regulated dissipation of …

The present article highlights recent advances and current status in the characterization and
the utilization of nanostructured aqueous dispersions in which the submicron-sized …

Monounsaturated fatty acids are straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acids comprising a
unique carbon‑carbon double bond, also termed unsaturation. More than 50 distinct …

Oxygenic photosynthesis evolved billions of years ago, becoming Earth's main source of
biologically available carbon and atmospheric oxygen. Since then, phototrophic organisms …