Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease and is
emerging as the leading cause of cirrhosis, liver transplantation and hepatocellular …

Adipose tissue, colloquially known as" fat," is an extraordinarily flexible and heterogeneous
organ. While historically viewed as a passive site for energy storage, we now appreciate that …

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a common finding on spine imaging that increases
in prevalence with age. IVD degeneration is a frequent cause of low back pain, which is a …

Obesity is a state of low-grade chronic inflammation that causes multiple metabolic
diseases. During obesity, signalling via cytokines of the TNF family mediate cell death and …

The landmark discoveries of leptin and adiponectin firmly established adipose tissue as a
sophisticated and highly active endocrine organ, opening a new era of investigating adipose …

The immune system plays a pivotal role in the initiation, development and resolution of
inflammation following insult or damage to organs. The heart is a vital organ which supplies …

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated genetic skin disease. The underlying pathomechanisms
involve complex interaction between the innate and adaptive immune system. T cells …

In addition to their role in glucose and lipid metabolism, adipocytes respond differentially to
physiological cues or metabolic stress by releasing endocrine factors that regulate diverse …

Obesity and hypertension, which often coexist, are major risk factors for heart failure and are
characterized by chronic, low-grade inflammation, which promotes adverse cardiac …

Women have stronger immune responses to infections and vaccination than men.
Paradoxically, the stronger immune response comes at a steep price, which is the high …