Biodiesel is considered eco-friendly, biodegradable, non-toxic, and carbon-neutral fuel. It is
made from edible or non-edible oil feedstocks including other triglyceride sources. The …

The traditional method of biodiesel synthesis is costly on industrial scale. Hence,
heterogeneous catalysis is crucial in minimizing end-product costs thanks to high durability …

Waste cooking oil (WCO) disposal in landfills or discharge into sewer systems could cause
severe environmental challenges. Therefore, extensive efforts are made to develop …

To move away from fossil fuels, biodiesel provides a sustainable alternative to addressing
the socioeconomic and sustainable fuel problems. For biodiesel to be competitive …

Biochar is an incredibly rich source of carbon formed through biomass's thermal
decomposition. There is a rise of interest in employing biochar derived from biomass in …

Due to food shortages and increasing fuel prices, scientists are trying to find suitable
feedstocks for biodiesel production that do not divert food products to bioenergy. Although …

Due to increasing anthropogenic activities, especially industry and transport, the fossil fuel
demand and consumption have increased proportionally, causing serious environmental …

Latest research on fuels focused on exploring better alternatives for compression ignition
engines. A large number of studies reported that the properties of biodiesel are comparable …

The increase in human consumption of plant and animal oils has led to the rise in waste
cooking oil (WCO) production. Instead of disposing the used cooking oil as waste, recent …

The rising energy demand of the world due to rapidly expanding population and accelerated
industrialization is primarily satisfied by non-renewable fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are depleting …