A big number of publications were collected to provide an overall picture of the modeling in
secondary steelmaking. The referred papers could illustrate the general and typical …

To predict the temperature distribution in the ladle wall during the preheating process a two
dimensional model was developed. The model calculated the heat transfer and the velocity …

A temperature prediction model has been developed for controlling the casting superheat
temperature. For ease of implementation, the model is intentionally made simpler having a …

The word ''ladle''has been used in the English language since the 12th century to denote ''a
deep-bowled, long-handled spoon designed to convey liquids'', or a resembling instrument …

In the present thesis a study on the thermal state of steelmaking ladles was undertaken. The
transient hot wire method was verified for thermal conductivity measurements on …

Refractory‐lined ladles are utilized in transporting the molten steel from a converter to a
continuous casting machine in the steelmaking process. A proper heating schedule for the …

Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para a avaliação de aquecedores de panela de
aciaria e de práticas de movimentação de panelas em uma aciaria elétrica. O objetivo final …

Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para quantificar o calor armazenado em panelas
de aço de uma Aciaria LD com o objetivo de calcular o aporte de calor necessário nas …

Temperature Control of a Smelting Plant Page 1 Temperature Control of a Smelting Plant Tomi
Palovaara, Matti Sipola Rautaruukki Steel, Primary Products, PO Box 93, FIN-92101 Raahe …