Arithmetic is still hugely important in many aspects of modern life, but our personal attitudes
to it differ greatly. Many people struggle with the basic principles of arithmetic, whilst others …

This study tested the hypothesis that children with high working memory capacities solve
single-digit additions by direct retrieval of the answers from long-term memory more often …

In a first experiment, adults were asked to solve one-digit additions, subtractions and
multiplications. When the sign appeared 150ms before the operands, addition and …

The problem-size effect in simple additions, that is the increase in response times (RTs) and
error rates with the size of the operands, is one of the most robust effects in cognitive …

It has been recently proposed that adults might solve single-digit addition and subtraction
problems by rapidly moving through an ordered representation of numbers. In the present …

The aim of this study was to investigate the strategies used by third graders in solving the 81
elementary subtractions that are the inverses of the one-digit additions with addends from 1 …

Contrary to a widespread assumption, a recent study suggested that adults do not solve very
small additions by directly retrieving their answer from memory, but rely instead on highly …

In this longitudinal study, we aimed at determining whether children who efficiently use
finger counting are more likely to develop internalized arithmetic strategies than children …

Working memory is the system responsible for the temporary maintenance and processing
of information involved in most cognitive activities, and its study is essential to the …

Multiple-step arithmetic problems can be solved by diverse strategies depending on the
mental representation constructed by individuals from the situation described in the text of …