Living systems encounter a variety of stresses at the organismal and cellular levels during
their continuous interaction with the environment. Fish are particularly threatened by aquatic …

Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is an effective molecular chaperone, playing a role in cell
protection from damage in response to stress stimuli. Here, we report the impact of …

Oxidative stress causes damage at the cellular level and activates a number of signaling
pathways. Heat-shock proteins (HSPs) play an important role in repair and protective …

The objective of this study was to determine the liver oxidative stress status of grey mullets
living in heavy-metal-rich polluted Ennore estuary compared with unpolluted Kovalam …

Worldwide, the frequencies and magnitudes of hypoxic events in estuarine waters have
increased considerably over the past two decades. Fish populations are suitable indicators …

Sirtuins have received widespread attention due to their diverse physiological role in
metabolism. Among sirtuins, SIRT2 is more abundant in adipocytes and exerts effects on …

Induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is a
crucial step in the cellular response to oxidative stress. Altered expression of such proteins …

Hypoxia in estuarine ecosystems is a problem of growing concern worldwide. Induction of
signaling molecules (HSPs) is a crucial step in the cellular response to stress. Altered …

The brain requires constant oxygen supply to perform its biological functions essential for
survival. Because of low oxygen capacity and poor oxygen diffusibility of water, many fish …

The aquatic biome is an integral part of Earth's survival. Humans, with an attitude to lead a
comfortable life, have invaded the ecosystem to a larger extent owing to many direct and …