Having a hypoxic microenvironment is a common and salient feature of most solid tumors.
Hypoxia has a profound effect on the biological behavior and malignant phenotype of …

Myeloid cells are the most abundant immune components of the tumour microenvironment,
where they have a variety of functions, ranging from immunosuppressive to …

Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors, and develops because of the rapid growth of
the tumor that outstrips the oxygen supply, and impaired blood flow due to the formation of …

Increasing evidence indicates that immunotherapy is hindered by a hostile tumor
microenvironment (TME) featured with deprivation of critical nutrients and pooling of …

The growing field of immune metabolism has revealed promising indications for metabolic
targets to modulate anti-cancer immunity. Combination therapies involving metabolic …

The success of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab treatment contributed to a shift in systemic
therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) towards combinations that include cancer …

Hypoxia, low oxygen (O2) level, is a hallmark of solid cancers, especially hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC), one of the most common and fatal cancers worldwide. Hypoxia …

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been shown to play a critical role in tumor
development from initiation to metastasis. EMT could be regarded as a continuum, with …

Despite the remarkable success of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in melanoma
treatment, resistance to them remains a substantial clinical challenge. Myeloid-derived …

CC chemokines (or β-chemokines) are 28 chemotactic cytokines with an N-terminal CC
domain that play an important role in immune system cells, such as CD4+ and CD8+ …