Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic mechanism, by which eukaryotic cells
recycle or degrades internal constituents through membrane-trafficking pathway. Thus …

Epigenetic enzymes are often dysregulated in human tumors through mutation, altered
expression, or inappropriate recruitment to certain loci. The identification of these enzymes …

Chemotherapy is one of the most established and effective treatments for almost all types of
cancer. However, the elevated toxicity due to the non-tumor-associated effects, development …

Retinoic acid (RA), the major bioactive metabolite of retinol or vitamin A, induces a spectrum
of pleiotropic effects in cell growth and differentiation that are relevant for embryonic …

Structural polymers are susceptible to damage in the form of cracks, which form deep within
the structure where detection is difficult and repair is almost impossible. Cracking leads to …

The concept of differentiation therapy emerged from the fact that hormones or cytokines may
promote differentiation ex vivo, thereby irreversibly changing the phenotype of cancer cells …

Epigenetic mechanisms, which involve DNA and histone modifications, result in the
heritable silencing of genes without a change in their coding sequence. The study of human …

Thyroid hormones (THs) play critical roles in the differentiation, growth, metabolism, and
physiological function of virtually all tissues. TH binds to receptors that are ligand …

The combinatorial cross-regulation of hundreds of sequence-specific transcription factors
(TFs) defines a regulatory network that underlies cellular identity and function. Here we use …

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play important roles in transcriptional regulation and
pathogenesis of cancer. Thus, HDAC inhibitors are candidate drugs for differentiation …