Purpose Electronic cigarette (e-cig) use is prevalent. The health implications of e-cig use on
the genitourinary (GU) system are uncertain. This systematic review aims to evaluate how e …

Methods We included 41 cohort and case–control studies listed in the most recent
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monograph on benzene exposure and …

Recent reports suggest that benzene exposure may be associated with solid cancers, such
as lung and bladder cancers. Instead, evidence on the association between benzene and …

Background: Traditional methods of bladder cancer (BC) diagnosis include clinical
examination, imaging, urine tests, cystoscopy, and biopsy. Due to the complexity of …

Background and Objectives: Bladder cancer in patients under 45 is poorly characterized and
rarely described, with variabilities in clinical outcomes and tumor properties. Our study …

Objectives To investigate potential carcinogenic exposures in military personnel that are
implicated in the development of bladder cancer. Methods This systematic review aimed to …

Cancer stands as the fourth leading cause of global mortality. Occupational exposures play
a substantial role in the development of various types of cancer, including lung, colorectal …

Objetivo: Establecer los diferentes agentes de riesgo implicados en el cáncer de vejiga en
pacientes adultos atendidos en el servicio de urología del Hospital Víctor Lazarte …

Tumour cell surface-expressed programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) may bind to T
cellexpressed programmed cell death-1 (PD-1). Through a decrease in T-cell activity and an …

Cumulative occupational exposure to organic solvents is associated with an increased risk
for bladder cancer, according to data presented at the American Urological Association's …