Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) is typically caused by unaccustomed exercise and
results in pain, soreness, inflammation, and reduced muscle function. These negative …

Highlights•Novel functional food ingredients from aquatic resources.•Omega-3 fatty acids
from marine and algal/fungal sources.•Chitosan, chitosan oligosaccharides and …

Deep sea water (DSW) commonly refers to a body of seawater that is pumped up from a
depth of over 200 m. It is usually associated with the following characteristics: low …

Background Exercise and heat trigger dehydration and an increase in extracellular fluid
osmolality, leading to deficits in exercise performance and thermoregulation. Evidence from …

The NLRP3 inflammasome is an essential component of the innate immune system, but
excessive activation can lead to inflammatory diseases. Ion fluxes across the plasma …

In different endurance events, athletes have limited access to fluid intake, such as ultra-
endurance running. For this reason, it is necessary to establish an adequate hydration …

Deep sea water (DSW) contains many trace minerals, and its applications, which include its
use as drinking water, have gradually been expanding. Generally, humans tend to be …

Background Dehydration caused by prolonged exercise impairs thermoregulation,
endurance and exercise performance. Evidence from animal and human studies validates …

Preserving the hydration status means to balance daily fluids and salt losses with gains,
where the losses depend on several physiological and environmental factors. Especially for …

Recent studies showed that deficiencies of essential minerals including Mg, Ca, and K, and
trace minerals including Se, Zn, and V, have implications for the development, prevention …