Understanding of secular evolution of the Earth system is based largely on the rock and
mineral archive preserved in the continental lithosphere. Based on the frequency and range …

The depleted mantle reservoir is that part of Earth's mantle from which crust has been
extracted, leaving the remaining mantle depleted in incompatible elements. Knowing how …

The oldest crustal remnants on Earth are represented by greenstone belts and tonalite-
trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) associations that form most of Archean blocks worldwide …

The timing for the onset of plate tectonics, along with the secular changes in the tectonic
settings of continental crust formation, continue to be debated. Recent interpretations based …

The Archaean crustal evolution of the northern São Francisco Craton (SFC) reveals
significant similarity with Kaapvaal-Zimbabwe and Pilbara, cratons, especially before 3.0 Ga …

Precambrian terrains preserving rocks older than 3.5 Ga contain an essential record of the
crustal evolution of the primitive Earth. In this study, we investigated Eo-Paleoarchean rocks …

Abstract The Patos Shear System (PSS) is a 20–40 km wide domain of anastomosing shear
zones intercalated with non-mylonitic segments at the core of the Borborema Province, a …

Metapelitic gneiss (sillimanite–biotite–garnet gneiss) and S-type granites have been
identified in the Khondalite Belt (KB), located in the northeastern margin of the North China …

Metasedimentary rocks within Archean cratons can preserve a record of early cratonic
crustal evolution and later metamorphic events. However, interpreting this record is difficult …

Tourmaline is a valuable forensic mineral that contains a wide range of elemental
components capable of reconstructing its geologic evolution. In this study, we developed …