Coastlines have traditionally been engineered to maintain structural stability and to protect
property from storm‐related damage, but their ability to endure will be challenged over the …

Coastal vegetation has been widely recognized as a natural method to reduce the energy of
tsunami waves. However, a vegetation barrier cannot completely stop a tsunami, and its …

Coastal boulders are good evidence of high-energy events, but the distinction between
storm and tsunami boulders remains difficult to identify and mathematical models are still in …

Vegetated coastal ecosystems provide goods and services to billions of people. In the
aftermath of a series of recent natural disasters, including the Indian Ocean Tsunami …

Damage to embankments and forests along the coast of the northeast Japan by the 2011
Great East Japan tsunami was observed at twenty-five locations covering a length of about …

After the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, several studies quantitatively investigated the effects
of coastal vegetation on mitigating tsunami, but the effects of the tree density distribution in a …

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of an open gap, such as a road, in a
coastal forest on tsunami run-up. A numerical model based on two-dimensional nonlinear …

The use of nature-based infrastructure (NBI) has attracted increasing attention in the context
of protection against coastal flooding. This review is focused on NBI approaches to improve …

As the land-sea interface, foredunes buffer upland habitats with plants acting as ecosystem
engineers shaping topography, and thereby affecting storm response and recovery …

Vegetation and biogeomorphology are highly coupled in beach dune systems, but plant
species effects on abating storm erosion are largely unexplored. We quantified coastal dune …