Transcriptional control is a major mechanism for regulating gene expression. The complex
machinery required to effect this control is still emerging from functional and evolutionary …

Pax genes encode a family of transcription factors that orchestrate complex processes of
lineage determination in the developing embryo. Their key role is to specify and maintain …

Gene regulatory networks are the most complex, extensive control systems found in nature.
The interaction between biology and evolution has been the subject of great interest in …

The compact genome of Fugu rubripes has been sequenced to over 95% coverage, and
more than 80% of the assembly is in multigene-sized scaffolds. In this 365-megabase …

The mammalian kidney develops in three successive steps from the initial pronephros via
the mesonephros to the adult metanephros. Although the nephric lineage is specified during …

The mammalian pro-and mesonephros are transient embryonic kidneys essential for
urogenital system development. The nephric (Wolffian) duct, which is a central constituent of …

The Pax2 gene is expressed in the developing otocyst, kidney, and midbrain–hindbrain
boundary. We generated Pax2‐Cre transgenic lines by modification of a Pax2 bacterial …

This paper, in the form of a frequently asked questions page (FAQ), addresses outstanding
questions about “shadow enhancers”, quasi‐redundant cis‐regulatory elements, and their …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small regulatory RNAs involved in gene regulation. The
regulation is effected by either translational inhibition or transcriptional silencing. In …

Recent studies using single-cell RNA-sequencing have revealed cellular heterogeneity in
the developing mammalian cerebellum, yet the regulatory logic underlying this cellular …