The environment has been significantly impacted by the rubber industry through the release
of large quantities of wastewater during various industrial processes. Therefore, it is crucial …

In the present manuscript, novel effluent treatment processes for pulp and paper mill
effluents are divided into two categories: a) those involving the use of chemical additives …

The introduction of membrane filtration for rubber wastewater treatment, the utilization of
treated wastewater as recycled process water to minimize water demand during processing …

The down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) process has been rigorously studied as a significant
post-treatment of anaerobically pretreated sewage and later for broader applications in …

A laboratory-scale experiment is conducted to remove nitrogen from nitrogen-rich
wastewater using a down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor. Effluent from an anaerobic …

Rubber industry wastewater contains high concentration of nitrogen, organic compound and
another contaminant. If an elevated level of ammonia and nitrogen is discharged to water …

Conventional aerated tank technology is widely applied for post treatment of natural rubber
processing wastewater in Southeast Asia; however, a long hydraulic retention time (HRT) is …

A pilot-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB)–downflow hanging sponge system
(DHS) combined with an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) and a settling tank (ST) was …

The fungi associated with termites secrete enzymes such as laccase (multi-copper oxidase)
that can degrade extracellular wood matrix. Laccase uses molecular oxygen as an electron …

Current pretreatment methods for wastewater from natural rubber (NR) factories either have
low rubber recovery efficiency or are costly to operate. A wastewater treatment system was …