Background: Verotoxins are bacterial virulence factors produced by E. coli O157: H7,
transmitted by the fecal-oral route. Objectives: The aim of this article was to diagnose E. coli …

Background: Asthma, a chronic inflammatory respiratory disorder, is influenced by genetic
and environmental factors. Allergic asthma is becoming more common because of higher …

Background: Blastocystis sp. is the most prevalent intestinal protozoa found worldwide in
both humans and animals. Objectives: This study aims to identify the subtypes of …

Background: Periodontal disease is classically characterized by progressive destruction of
the soft and hard tissues of the periodontal complex, mediated by an interplay between …

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligatory parasite that causes a zoonotic infection
known as toxoplasmosis, which produces a wide range of clinical symptoms in humans and …

Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic parasite disease that affects people
globally and causes cysts to develop in internal organs. Objectives: This study aimed to …

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a dermatological condition that arises due to
the presence of protozoan parasites. The disease disproportionately impacts those residing …

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disease, with a rate of 6%–
20% among females of reproductive age, according to the diagnostic criteria represented by …