More interconnections among countries and synchronous areas are foreseen in order to
fulfil the EU 2050 target on the renewable generation share. One proposal to accomplish …

This paper presents a framework of a multi-terminal HVDC transmission system and its multi-
functional control strategy. The framework possesses the basic characteristics of the DC-grid …

Although HVDC transmission systems have been available since mid-1950s, almost all
installations worldwide are point-to-point systems. In the past, the lower reliability and higher …

Europe is rapidly expanding its wind energy capacity, especially offshore. Hence, the
construction of a multiterminal dc (MTdc) network could bring several advantages to …

Voltage source converter based multi–terminal DC grids (VSC–MTDC) are widely used for
integration of renewable resources. Control of these grids requires vector control method …

This paper investigates the dynamic interactions of a modular multilevel converter (MMC)-
based HVDC grid and its host ac system during ac-side disturbances. The HVDC grid is …

Lesnicar and Marquardt introduced a modular multilevel converter (MMC) topology back in
2003. Although this topology has received a great deal of attention in recent years by both …

Current offshore wind farms (OWFs) design processes are based on a sequential approach
which does not guarantee system optimality because it oversimplifies the problem by …

Many modelling methods for the analysis of dc distribution grids only consider monopolar
configurations and do not allow for mutual couplings to be taken into account. The modelling …

Current power networks are facing numerous challenges in transmission and distribution in
order to accommodate distributed generation from renewables. As a result, the current grid …