Endogenous photosensitizers play a critical role in both beneficial and harmful light-induced
transformations in biological systems. Understanding their mode of action is essential for …

During the past decade, melanins and melanogenesis have attracted growing interest for a
broad range of biomedical and technological applications. The burst of polydopamine …

Mutations in sunlight-induced melanoma arise from cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs),
DNA photoproducts that are typically created picoseconds after an ultraviolet (UV) photon is …

Human skin is repeatedly exposed to UVR that influences the function and survival of many
cell types and is regarded as the main causative factor in the induction of skin cancer. It has …

Melanocytes are phenotypically prominent but histologically inconspicuous skin cells. They
are responsible for the pigmentation of skin and hair, and thereby contribute to the …

In this article, we review the current state of knowledge concerning the physical and
chemical properties of the eumelanin pigment. We examine properties related to its …

Melanin is a natural pigment produced within organelles, melanosomes, located in
melanocytes. Biological functions of melanosomes are often attributed to the unique …

Melanins can be classified into two major groups—insoluble brown to black pigments
termed eumelanin and alkali‐soluble yellow to reddish‐brown pigments termed …

Endogenous chromophores in human skin serve as photosensitizers involved in skin
photocarcinogenesis and photoaging. Absorption of solar photons, particularly in the UVA …

“Pigmentation, which is primarily determined by the amount, the type, and the distribution of
melanin, shows a remarkable diversity in human populations, and in this sense, it is an …