Recent decades have seen the rapid expansion of scholarship that identifies societal
responses to past climatic fluctuations. This fast-changing scholarship, which was recently …

This article surveys some examples of the ways past societies have responded to
environmental stressors such as famine, war, and pandemic. We show that people in the …

Urban adaptation to climate change is a global challenge requiring a broad response that
can be informed by how urban societies in the past responded to environmental shocks. Yet …

How states and great powers rise and fall is an intriguing enigma of human history. Are there
any patterns? Do polities become more vulnerable over time as they age? We analyze …

The globalizing connections that defined the European Bronze Age in the second
millennium BC either ended or abruptly changed in the decades around 1200 BC. The …

Societies of the later Early to Middle Bronze Age (ca. 2200–1600 BC) in the Carpathian
Basin exhibited complex, hierarchical and regionally influential socio-political organisation …

State or societal collapses are often described as featuring rapid reductions in
socioeconomic complexity, population loss or displacement, and/or political discontinuity …

The timing of Tiwanaku's collapse remains contested. Here we present a generational-scale
chronology of Tiwanaku using Bayesian models of 102 radiocarbon dates, including 45 …

How is history relevant to the present, or indeed the future? Governments around the world
have used history to inform planning and decision‐making in various fields for years, but …

This paper develops a regional dataset of change at 381 settlements for Lycia-Pamphylia in
southwest Anatolia (Turkey) from volume 8 of the Tabula Imperii Byzantini–a compilation of …