Aluminum (Al) is the most abundant metal in the earth's crust, but its availability depends on
soil pH. Despite this abundance, Al is not considered an essential element and so far no …

Phosphorus (P) is limiting for crop yield on> 30% of the world's arable land and, by some
estimates, world resources of inexpensive P may be depleted by 2050. Improvement of P …

The paper summarizes present knowledge in the field of higher plant responses to
cadmium, an important environmental pollutant. The principal mechanisms reviewed here …

▪ Abstract Acid soils significantly limit crop production worldwide because approximately
50% of the world's potentially arable soils are acidic. Because acid soils are such an …

Plant developmental processes are controlled by internal signals that depend on the
adequate supply of mineral nutrients by soil to roots. Thus, the availability of nutrient …

Heavy metals are important environmental pollutants and their toxicity is a problem of
increasing significance for ecological, evolutionary, nutritional, and environmental reasons …

Plants respond to heavy metal toxicity in a variety of different ways. Such responses include
immobilization, exclusion, chelation and compartmentalization of the metal ions, and the …

The use of higher plants to remediate contaminated land is known as phytoremediation, a
term coined 15 years ago. Among green technologies addressed to metal pollution …

Phytoremediation is the use of plants to extract, sequester, and/or detoxify pollutants.
Phytoremediation is widely viewed as the ecologically responsible alternative to the …

Secondary metabolites are important facilitators of plant–microbe interactions in the
rhizosphere, contributing to communication, competition, and nutrient acquisition. However …