Given a loop-free sequence of instructions, superoptimization techniques use a constraint
solver to search for an equivalent sequence that is optimal for a desired objective. The …

On many blockchain platforms, gas fees have to be paid for deploying and executing smart
contracts. These fees depend on the size of the contract code as well as the needed …

Smart contracts facilitate the execution of programmable code on a blockchain. The cost for
executing smart contract code is metered using gas-the exact amount of which is based on …

When users deploy or invoke smart contracts on Ethereum, a fee is charged for avoiding
resource abuse. Metered in gas, the fee is the product of the amount of gas used and the …

Since executing a smart contract on the Ethereum blockchain costs money (measured in
gas), smart contract developers spend significant effort in reducing gas usage. In this paper …

Ethereum blockchain is a new internetware with tens of millions of smart contracts running
on it. Different from general programs, smart contracts are decentralized, tamper-resistant …

Users must pay a fee depending on resource consumption when using smart contracts on
the Ethereum blockchain. As even the most basic operations cost several dollars under …

Smart contracts are programs deployed on a blockchain. They are executed for a monetary
fee paid in gas—a clear optimization target for smart contract compilers. Because smart …

Smart contracts are programs running on Ethereum, whose deployment and use require
gas. Gas measures the cost of performing specific operations as an index designed to …

Profiling tools have been widely used for studying the behavior of the programs with the
objective of reducing the amount of resources consumed by them. Most profilers collect the …