The identification of neurological symptoms caused by vitamin A deficiency pointed to a
critical, early developmental role of vitamin A and its metabolite, retinoic acid (RA). The …

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signalling has been implicated during several phases of early
embryogenesis, including the patterning of the embryonic axes, the induction and/or …

The development of the central nervous system is known to result from two sequential
events. First, an inductive event of the mesoderm on the overlying ectoderm that generates a …

In vertebrates, the development of the nervous system is triggered by signals from a
powerful 'organizing'region of the early embryo during gastrulation. This phenomenon …

During vertebrate neurulation, the embryonic ectoderm is patterned into lineage progenitors
for neural plate, neural crest, placodes and epidermis. Here, we use Xenopus laevis …

Early vertebrate embryos possess cells with the potential to generate all embryonic cell
types. While this pluripotency is progressively lost as cells become lineage restricted, Neural …

The fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) represent one of the relatively few families of
extracellular signalling peptides that have been shown in recent decades to be key …

Research from the last 15 years has provided a working model for how the anterior forebrain
is induced and specified during the early stages of embryogenesis. This model relies on …

From neurulation to postnatal processes, the requirements for FGF signaling in many
aspects of neural precursor cell biology have been well documented. However, identifying a …

The neural crest arises at the border between the neural plate and the adjacent non-neural
ectoderm. It has been suggested that both neural and non-neural ectoderm can contribute to …