A zwitterion is a neutral compound that has both a cation and an anion in the same
molecule. Quaternary ammonium cations are frequently used for zwitterions. Zwitterions with …

Polymers, especially charged polymers, are the key to a sustainable future, as they have the
capability to act as alternatives to plastics, reduce the impact of global warming, and offer …

Energy-efficient bioethanol production from plant biomass is in high demand, and one of the
most promising procedures reported to date is one-pot ethanol production, that is, the …

Cryopreservation of tissues is a tough challenge. Cryopreservation is categorized into slow-
freezing and vitrification, and vitrification has recently been recognized as a suitable method …

Cryopreservation of cells is necessary for long periods of storage. However, some cell lines
cannot be efficiently cryopreserved, even when optimized commercial cryoprotectants are …

By linking the cation and anion motifs of ionic liquids (ILs), zwitterionic liquids (ZILs) exhibit
at least 146–2740 and 112–1550 folds less cytotoxicity in human gastric and colon cells …

During the long-term storage of cells, it is necessary to inhibit ice crystal formation by adding
cryoprotectants. Non-cell-permeable cryoprotectants have high osmotic pressure which …

Zwitterionic compounds (ZIs) have been attracting much attention due to their properties.
Unlike ionic liquids–constituted by separated ions–the ZI structures with their cations and …

Protein cryopreservation is important for the long-term storage of unstable proteins.
Recently, we found that N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V (GnT-V) can be cryopreserved in …

Shear-thinning materials have held considerable promise as embolic agents due to their
capability of transition between solid and liquid state. In this study, a laponite nanoclay …