The significance and requirements of digital image processing arise from two main areas of
applications: the improvement of visual information for human interpretation and the …

Recognition of micro-expressions depends on the key features provided in the form of the
temporal information. It needs considerable effort, however, to manually design useful …

After the successful (yet continuing) era of both evolutionary and swarm based optimization
algorithm, a new class of optimizations such as nature inspired optimization algorithms …

For two decades, the dominance of nature-inspired optimization algorithms has been
irresistible in solving many complex problems. In fact, most of these algorithms are …

The image processing consists of many tasks and steps such as visualization, image
sharpening, and restoration, and one of the main tasks in image processing is to extract …

Nature-inspired algorithms, particularly those located on swarm intelligence and population-
based, have dragged much attention in the last few years. Firefly algorithm is one of the …

The Micro-expressions (MEs) are very important nonverbal communication clues. However,
due to their local and short nature, spotting them is challenging. In this thesis, we address …

Micro-expressions are anticipated as the outcome of deliberate manipulation or involuntary
repression of emotions when an individual feels emotion but tries to conceal the facial …